In the ever-evolving data center industry, the quest for efficient and effective cooling solutions is unending. LiquidStack, a leading provider of advanced cooling solutions, has published a white paper that delves into the science of Two-Phase Immersion Cooling (2-PIC) and dispels common misconceptions about this innovative technology.
Understanding Two-Phase Immersion Cooling
Two-Phase Immersion Cooling is a method where electronic components are submerged in a dielectric fluid with a low boiling point. When the fluid comes into contact with heat-generating components, it vaporizes, effectively absorbing the heat. The vapor then condenses and returns to the liquid phase, creating a cycle that efficiently cools the components.
Despite the proven efficiency of 2-PIC, there are numerous myths and misconceptions surrounding the technology, particularly concerning the safety, cost, and sustainability aspects of the fluids used. However, when used within the manufacturer's recommendations, 2-PIC fluids are safe to handle, non-flammable, non-ozone depleting, and offer superior heat transfer capability.
Comparison of Cooling Methods
Here is a comparison of the Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE) and average cooling annual energy consumption for a 10MW data center for different cooling methods:
Today's Air Cooling: This method has a typical PUE of 1.57 in the US. The average annual energy consumption for cooling a 10MW data center is 25 GWh.
1-PIC HC Oil: This method has a typical PUE of 1.06. The average annual energy consumption for cooling a 10MW data center is 2.6 GWh.
2-PIC PFC: This method has a typical PUE of 1.03. The average annual energy consumption for cooling a 10MW data center is 1.3 GWh.
2-PIC HFE: This method also has a typical PUE of 1.03. The average annual energy consumption for cooling a 10MW data center is also 1.3 GWh.
2-PIC HFOs / FKs: This method also has a typical PUE of 1.03. The average annual energy consumption for cooling a 10MW data center is 1.3 GWh.
Conclusion
Two-Phase Immersion Cooling is a revolutionary solution that offers a multitude of benefits, from energy savings to improved performance and reliability. By continually innovating and partnering with leading companies in the field, LiquidStack is paving the way for the future of server cooling technology. The comparison data clearly illustrates the energy efficiency advantage of 2-PIC, particularly when compared to traditional air cooling and single-phase immersion cooling with hydrocarbon (HC) oil.
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